Nada Trivić1 and Bojana Todić2
The theoretical model of a perfectly competitive market leads to the efficient allocation of resources, and one of the assumptions of that model is complete information of market participants. In reality, however, market participants are usually asymmetrically informed. The goal of this analysis is to point out the fact that asymmetric information is almost ubiquitous, and also to point out the consequences of asymmetric information and the possibility of their elimination or mitigation. In addition, the research aim also reflects in achieving a theoretical confirmation of the presence of such asymmetric information and its consequences on the labor market as well, and in an attempt to mathematically formalize such markets, especially the labor market, by modeling the method of calculating wages and the employer’s objective function as an opportunity to overcome the principal-agent problem. The precisely defined research goals determined the structure of the paper, as well as the methodological tools. In order to test and prove the defined research hypotheses in this study and to realize the defined research goals of the study, the methods of theoretical analysis, abstraction, comparison, concretization, generalization, and critical evaluation are used.
Joshua Solomon Adeyele1, Gbenga Michael Ogungbenle1 and Ogorchukwu Augustine Isimoya2
Access to quality healthcare is the primary purpose for which the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Nigeria was introduced. It is believed that the introduction of the NHIS for workers will reduce their engagement in health-risk behavior. Despite the existence of the NHIS, its enrollees (i.e. insured workers) are still complaining of the poor healthcare delivery by the service providers. As a result, some of them are still engaging themselves in a detrimental health-risk behavior due to public health workers’ moral hazard and a short supply of drugs in public hospitals. This study was undertaken in Jos metropolis so as to ascertain the extent to which moral hazard and the disclosure of partial information about the NHIS lead to a health-risk behavior among civil servants. The research has shown a moderate level of the moral hazard demonstrated by the NHIS service providers since, within the measurement range from 1 to 7, the overall average significantly falls to 4. Contrary to the moderate moral hazard demonstrated by the NHIS service providers, the majority of the NHIS enrollees were found to averagely demonstrate a low health-risk behavior.