Ivana Jolović1, Stefan Zdravković2 and Nevena Jolović3
Starting from the adage that “individuals’ perceptions shape their reality,” research in organizational behavior underscores the importance of recognizing employees’ subjective experiences of the workplace circumstances. The employees’ perception of procedural, distributive, and interactional justice forms a strong predictor of the workforce “steadiness” – organizational justice. The paper aims to investigate the impact of this phenomenon on employees’ intention to leave the organization, while concurrently exploring the mediating role of organizational commitment in the mentioned relation. A comprehensive review of the relevant literature, coupled with thematic and desk analysis techniques, laid the foundation for the research. The study’s empirical component included 99 individuals (Millennials) employed in the Serbian economy at the outset of 2023. Their views were noted via an electronic, online questionnaire. The data were processed using advanced statistical tools, namely the SmartPLS 4.0 and SPSS 26.0. The findings validated the main research premise proposing that organizational commitment mediates the relationship between perceived organizational justice and millennial employees’ intention to leave the organization.
Dejan Jovanović1, Milan Čupić1, Ivana Medved2 and Jelena Poljašević3
Starting from the importance of proper identification, allocation, and management of costs, as well as the fact that, in addition to the economic dimension, the ecological aspect is also crucial for company operations – and considering the low level of the integration of environmental aspects into accounting practices – this paper aims to examine the extent to which companies are familiar with environmental cost-accounting methods and whether practices differ depending on the implementation of the ISO 14001 standard. The research was conducted on a sample of companies obliged to report data to the National Register of Pollution Sources. The data analysis was carried out using quantitative statistical methods, primarily descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests. The results indicate that companies pursue a reactive environmental policy, recognizing costs only after they occur, while preventive measures are neglected. Environmental costs are often hidden within general costs due to reliance on traditional accounting methods. It is concluded that the main issues are an inadequate regulatory framework and a lack of motivation. The research highlights the need for systemic changes, greater company motivation, and the improvement of the regulatory framework.
Nemanja Berber, Agneš Slavić and Dimitrije Gašić
In the modern highly competitive business environment, companies characterized by labor shortage are struggling to attract, motivate, and retain talents. As a mix of functional, economic, and psychological benefits that stem from employment, employer brand is one of the approaches that companies develop to create employee value proposition and maintain their workforce. Many employees decide to stay in or leave a company based on the whole human resource management system that a company offers. This paper mainly aims to investigate the relationship between the perceived employer brand and employees’ intention to stay in an organization. The research is based on a sample of 209 employees working in Serbia. The research methodology consists of the theoretical and empirical quantitative research in the proposed relationship. The analytical procedure used is PLS-SEM. The results show a positive relationship between the observed variables and points to the conclusion that a positive perception of employer brand leads to employees’ higher intention to stay in an organization. The strongest effect on intention to stay was made by a healthy working atmosphere, followed by training and development, work-life balance, ethics and corporate social responsibility, and finally, compensation and benefits.
Filip Ž. Bugarčić1 and Viktorija Skvarciany2
The growth of global trade in the last few decades and a more active involvement of countries in trade flows and supply chains have highlighted logistics as one of the most important trade facilitation factors. However, the question is who benefits the most from logistics. The paper aims to examine the contribution logistics make to the promotion of exports and imports in the selected industries in the OECD countries, the evaluation and comparison of the importance of logistics performance depending on the specific sector and product characteristics. Panel regression modelling was employed to evaluate the impact of logistics on international trade. The findings reveal its importance in international trade at the industry level. The results indicate a special contribution of logistics to the stimulation of the trade of industrial products and time-sensitive goods, with a greater contribution to imports. These findings emphasize the special importance of a logistics system and related operations in the identified sectors.
Zoran Mastilo1, Adis Puška2 and Anđelka Štilić3
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a key factor in the development of countries. Countries have recognized the potential of using AI to achieve sustainable development. This research explores the potential of the Southeast European (SEE) countries in the field of AI applications. The Government AI Readiness Index, with its nine indicators, is used to assess readiness for AI applications. A comparison of the SEE countries for the application of AI was conducted using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. The methods used were MEREC (Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) and CORASO (COmpromise Ranking from Alternative SOlutions). The results of the MEREC method show that the maturity and adaptability indicators have higher weight values compared to the other ones. The results of the CORASO method show that Greece and Bulgaria have the strongest indicators, with the sensitivity analysis confirming these findings.
Iva Glišić and Slavica Manić
The economic literature is rich in papers analyzing the effects of FDI inflows or the impact of institutional quality on economic activity. The same is not true for analyzing the impact of institutional quality on FDI attraction and/or the joint impact of these two factors on economic growth, especially concerning the Western Balkans region. Our analysis covers five countries in this region over the period from 2007 to 2022 and aims to contribute to the relevant literature in that segment. The panel data were modelled using the GLS method. The result of the final model (out of the three evaluated) indicates an (un)expected positive effect of a lower institutional quality on economic activity through the FDI channel. One possible explanation for this finding is the hypothesis that “weaker” legislation (especially in the environmental field) in the Western Balkan countries attracts precisely the FDI that generates negative externalities in addition to economic growth. Nevertheless, it also suggests the necessity for considering the long-term risks associated with economic growth, relying predominantly on this type of FDI.
Đorđe Kotarac1 and Zoran Popović2
Theoretical and empirical findings confirm the thesis that the accumulation of physical capital partly explains the movement of countries’ economic growth rates. Researchers in the field of development economics, as well as creators of economic policies, are shifting their focus from physical (PC) to human capital (HC) as a determinant of countries’ economic development. The subject matter of this paper is the analysis of the impact of HC on achieving higher per capita income growth rates. According to the “Lisbon Strategy” and the “Europe 2020 Strategy”, HC is placed on a pedestal of importance, all with the aim of making the EU-27 the most competitive market in the world. The empirical part was conducted using a panel regression model. The research results indicate a significant impact of HC on the per capita income of the CEE-10 countries. This research study contributes by reducing a gap in the scientific literature by examining the impact of HC on the per capita income of the European countries. The concluding implications point to the importance of HC development as an effective instrument for ensuring countries’ greater economic growth.
Andrija Popović1, Andreja Todorović1 and Vladan Vučić2
This research explores the relationship between economic growth and competitiveness and innovation in the circular economy across the 27 EU countries from 2011 to 2020. Using descriptive statistics, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), panel data regression, and cluster analysis, the research investigates how the key economic indicators, such as GDP, GDP per capita, and gross fixed capital formation, affect the performance of the circular economy. The results obtained indicate a positive correlation between overall economic growth and circular competitiveness, though wealthier nations do not consistently lead in circular transitions. The analysis underscores the need for tailored, country-specific policies to promote sustainable practices in the circular economy, especially in less developed economies. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers aiming to balance economic growth with sustainability.
Ljiljana Ž. Tanasić1, Srđan M. Lalić1, Željana Jovičić2 and Teodor M. Petrović1
This paper investigates transfer pricing as a strategic tool for optimizing business performance and reducing the tax burden of related entities in the Republic of Srpska. The goal of the research is to quantitatively assess the impact of transfer pricing on the achievement of the key business goals, including the improvement of financial performance, the minimization of tax burden and the strategic allocation of resources. The empirical data for the research were collected from the Register of Financial Statements for the year 2023. A simple linear regression model was used to determine the relationship between the application of transfer prices and the financial and tax position of related entities. Research findings show a significant and positive impact of transfer pricing on improving the financial and tax position of related entities, especially those operating in multiple tax jurisdictions. The results emphasize the importance of transfer prices as a strategic instrument for financial planning and the optimization of resources and recommend that the national regulatory framework should be harmonized with international guidelines.
Svetlana Sokolov Mladenović, Suzana Đukić and Jelena Stanković
Modern customer loyalty programs are increasingly based on new technologies and forms of rewards, in which sense customer loyalty programs are increasingly implying the use of mobile applications not only as a means of collecting and realizing points, but also as a means ensuring ease of purchase, the personalization of the offer and entertainment through various types of prize games. Based on these facts, the paper explores the influence exerted by mobile applications on customer trust and loyalty in omnichannel retail. The research draws on Self-Determination Theory to explain the influence of autonomy, competence and relatedness as the key needs of people as customers on their trust and loyalty. The empirical research conducted using the survey method and carrying out SEM analysis showed that mobile applications significantly affected customer loyalty, with the moderators such as age and membership duration in the loyalty program playing a significant role in the process. The research results suggest that customers value the mobile applications that provide them with a sense of autonomy, i.e. control over the purchasing process, strengthen their existing competences and enable them to acquire new ones, making possible connectedness and friendship with other members of the program, thus generating their confidence in the quality and reliability of the mobile application and strengthening customer loyalty to the seller.